Articles

Reflections on Wellness Series
Self-Care Tips from the South Region Prelicensed Support Group

The South Region Prelicensed Support Group has been discussing how interns and trainees can take care of themselves while facing the multitude of entrance barriers to becoming a licensed MFT.

The barriers the group discussed include working on their master's program, dealing with insights and issues from their own lives, getting a good work placement, being a volunteer while working a second job or borrowing to pay for it all, dealing with clients' crises, supervisor's expectation, family and friends' "feedback" about becoming a shrink, and finally studying for the licensing exams. On top of this comes self-doubt: "Can I really do all of this?" and "How can I be financially viable when I am finished?"

The primary areas that we decided need self-care were maintaining physical health, emotional well-being, meaningful connection with others, professional and personal growth, and creating financial stability.

How Do We Take Care of Ourselves Now?

These were what the members listed as their activities, intentions, and attitudes (when they remember) for self-care. Many of these overlap and help to create a more satisfying life experience.

"Being physical and having fun!"

• Yoga and walking
• Salsa dancing, line dancing, and ballroom dancing
• Running, biking, and gardening
• Drumming and playing music
• Going to spas or getting massages
• Snuggling with others: partners, kids, friends, and pets

"Spending time with others!"

• Cooking and eating with friends and family
• Talking with friends and colleagues
• Going to therapy or support groups
• Joining book clubs, bridge groups, dance troupes, and hiking clubs
• Making time to truly be with your significant others

"Spending quality time with ourselves!"

• Delighting in the freedom of following our own path
• Sun therapy or meditation
• "Fear-proofing my life" with faith
• Journaling and reflective writing
• Reading for fun or personal growth

The list above is not only for interns, as all MFTs need to remember to keep a healthy, balanced lifestyle. But these activities are easy to forget or "not have time for," especially during the traineeship and intern years. Many interns talk about running from their paid job to their classes, then to their practicum, and then home to study and prepare for the next day.

Professional Self-Care

A very important issue for many of the members is how to get an appropriate placement for their field experience and internships. Some interns have found it very hard to find placements because their colleges didn't provide any support, while other schools have practicum fairs or have a placement coordinator who keeps lists of sites. There is also a listing of internship sites available on the SCV-CAMFT website.

We discussed that most internship placements interview between January and March. Other times that can be good to look are during the early fall to find sites that may have had some last minute openings. Openings can occur at any time, so keep calling places and be willing to be waitlisted. We also discussed networking with other interns to learn about openings at different sites and to get feedback on their experiences.

Other issues are whether to pick your area of specialty or your preferred therapeutic model during your internships and how difficult it is to find exactly what you want. Some interns are accomplished at networking and found placements in their areas of interest. Many found that they discovered new areas of interest and new types of therapy by broadening the scope of their searches.

Financial Self-Care

The most difficult type of intern self-care is often financial, since most placements do not pay their interns. One solution is to volunteer for the county, for a hospital, or for another entity that pays healthcare workers. When the placement is successful and the trainee is known as a good worker, they are frequently hired. One problem is finding a setting where there are supervisors to train interns and sign off on client hours. Some interns were able to pay for a group like PTI (Process Therapy Institute) to provide supervision once they found a placement that fit their needs, even though that placement doesn't normally staff interns.

Some of the members talked about creative ways they have found to address their financial needs while continuing to grow. One member reported having problems finding a placement that suited her love of journaling as a creative method of personal growth. She tried several places during her time as an intern without the level of support she would have liked, so she decided to create her own. She was able to find a local recreation department that hired her to teach journaling. This fulfilled her dream of working with people who want to learn to journal. She called CAMFT's legal department to get guidance on how to ethically and legally get paid as a trainer as long as she wasn't doing therapy. She won't get hours for this, but she can see ways to use this experience for networking and getting exposure. This is only one example of the creative things that can be done to support yourself while finding your path.

Enjoy the Journey

Becoming a licensed marriage and family therapist can be a great impetus to growth and self-actualization. The barriers that we have discussed are analogous to all of the life challenges both we and our clients are face all the time. The key to success is in your hands, stay mindful and connected to your support network and enjoy the journey!

Verna Nelson graduated from Santa Clara University in 2002 and became licensed in 2005. She joined the SCV-CAMFT Board of Directors in 2006 and is currently serving as the Director of Programs & Evaluation. She leads the South Region Prelicensed Support Group and has a private practice in Los Gatos, www.vernanelson.com.

Author: Verna Nelson

"This I Believe..." is an international project engaging people in writing, sharing, and discussing the core values that guide their daily lives. These short statements of belief, written by people from all walks of life, are archived and featured on public radio in the United States and Canada, as well as in regular broadcasts on NPR. The project is based on the popular 1950s radio series of the same name hosted by Edward R. Murrow. We on the Therapist Well-Being Committee want to share some of our thoughts with you. Won't you please join us? Send in your contribution (see below) or visit their website to hear something from the archives (www.thisibelieve.org).

This I Believe... from Alice Sklar, MFT

...That wellness is an ideal toward which most therapists aspire. Its literal meaning is different for every individual but physical, psychological, and social health are usually components of its definition. Because wellness is an ideal it is rarely achieved. We have to strive for it. It requires us to reassess ourselves regularly and to seek feedback from others in order to enjoy the reward of attaining or regaining it from time to time.

If we were perpetually well, it would inhibit our motivation to seek new ways to manage and change our lives. That would inhibit some of our most creative moments, and creative moments are so very precious. I'm reminded of the many artists whose struggles to overcome illness and tragedy created lasting works of art.

Personal growth occurs when we strive for wellness because we learn about ourselves throughout the process. My personal struggles have led me to greater depth and understanding. They have also broadened my appreciation of others. A small example: I had back surgery in December. Not being allowed to drive left me uncomfortably isolated. After a while I did something very uncharacteristic and difficult for me; I reached out to friends and colleagues for support. The flood of good will that I received was overwhelming. I'll never find it as hard to say "help" again.

I don't expect to always enjoy wellness any more than I expect to live forever. But I hope to have the courage to continue to work against the natural tendency toward non-wellness, and I hope to be able to encourage others to take the same active stance in their lives.

This I Believe... From Mary Jo Trusso, MFT

...That most of us have a monitoring system, sometimes conscious and sometimes not, that helps us be aware of what is good for us. In my therapy practice this shows up when I close a few files at the end of a long day and say, "I'll finish the paper work tomorrow." Usually at that point I feel a twinge in my stomach.

I recently did something special for an office mate and felt foolish when I heard laughter after I made what I thought was a helpful comment. I felt a twinge in my stomach.

I go to my Tai Chi class and don't tell the instructors that I feel frustrated because I haven't learned anything new in three weeks. I feel a twinge in my stomach.

For me, my stomach twinge means that something is going on that is not good for me. It may be procrastination, overbooking, or lack of appropriate assertiveness. I believe that if I don't pay careful attention to my internal monitoring system I will be off my wellness track and not available in a meaningful way to myself or to my clients.

This I Believe... from Cathy Hauer, MFT

...That every therapist wants to do the best for themselves and their clients. That we really do have good intentions, and that our best intentions aren't always enough.

I believe that we need to check in with ourselves often: am I taking good care of my physical, psychological, intellectual, and spiritual health? Am I getting needs met in my circles of friends, colleagues, family, and companion animals?

I believe that when we get off track, whether by a little bit or a lot, we can make a course-correction. We may have to do some soul-searching, we may have to ask for help, we may have to make some changes, but I do believe we can do it.

Most important, I believe in the basic goodness of all people. We all swim in this amazing, crazy, stunning thing called "our life, the world, these times." So, when I believe in all of our basic goodness, I can be compassionate when I miss my mark, or when I worry you might be missing your mark...and then I'll know what to do. I believe that our interdependence demands that we help each other swim back to the safe and healing shore.

Alice Sklar, MFT, is in private practice in Los Altos; Mary Jo Trusso, MFT, is in private practice in San Jose; Cathy Hauer, MFT, is in private practice in San Mateo. All three are long-time members of the SCV-CAMFT Therapist Well-Being Committee.

We want to thank you for your participation in the chapter's recent marriage equality e-mail survey. The SCV-CAMFT board was aware that this is a difficult and potentially divisive issue. However, we were asked to contact our members for their opinion, and felt that it was very important to do so. The survey method is a way to capture a reasonable number of members' opinions in a timely manner. We understand that this was an imperfect survey, and that some of the questions may have appeared slanted. Since we had very little time to formulate the survey questions, have them e-mailed to you, and get the results forwarded to CAMFT, we had to make rapid decisions on what we included.

The board is very grateful that so many of you responded. We welcomed the well thought through and heartfelt feedback that we received. We truly appreciated hearing all voices on this topic.

The survey did not reflect the personal interests of the board, nor indicate what any of our responses would be to the questions that were included. We voted to do this survey, so that we could give you the opportunity, should you choose it, to let CAMFT know what you are thinking about the issues involved in marriage equality and whether you would want the state board to take a position on this or other issues in the future. We sent every item of SCV-CAMFT chapter member feedback to CAMFT including member comments.

You may view the the results of the survey.

 These results have been forwarded and presented to the board of directors of CAMFT. We have also included the comments we received about the survey below so you may review the feedback we collected from our members.

Thank you again,
The SCV-CAMFT Board of Directors

Members' Comments/Feedback from Marriage Equality Survey

1. I find this survey biased and contrary to every ethical concern known to our profession. We provide therapy for everybody, regardless of race, ethnicity or sexual preference. Topics like this should be left to the politicians and to the voting public and, like it or not, the voting public has spoken. Let's not politicize SCV-CAMFT with this kind of stuff!
    
2. I believe CAMFT needs to be clear with its members that we do not discriminate. I don't think it is our place as an organization to contribute money or "march" for it, necessarily.
    
3. I personally am attending and supporting efforts in my personal life, to weigh in as a straight, married woman to support the rights of all citizens to be married. I believe that if gay and lesbian people can have the dream to marry their loves and receive similar tax breaks and Social Security benefits as straight couples, we may have more successful couples openly contributing to harmony and stability in our country.
    
4. This issue is probably like abortion in that many in our society see it as a moral/religious issue. I'm glad you are polling our members to see how we all feel about this subject. But it's one thing to see that we as MFTs should not discriminate against clients who are in a same-sex marriage and another thing to say that we, as an association, should use our influence in support of same-sex marriage. I personally support the idea of two people of the same sex marrying, and would be glad if there were no law against it. But I'm not so sure that we, as an association, should push for it. I guess the action I would like is that we discuss it more.
    
5. While I believe wholeheartedly in gay marriage, I am concerned about using CAMFT's resources and alienating members by taking a stand on any political and sociological issue that does not directly affect our ability to make a living as MFTs. I do not want to lose conservative members, just as I would hate to see CAMFT be asked to take stances on other emotional topics of our time (couldn't CAMFT be asked to take an anti-abortion stance by a subset of members?). And how would we choose which issues to take on and what to support and say? I feel we have other avenues to fight against social injustice. But — Having said all that, I know that MANY members in the SF-CAMFT chapter and East bay (and perhaps our chapter and elsewhere) perceive the State organization as unresponsive and deaf to their pleas for issuing a public statement against gay marriage, such as the APA did. I know members are resigning over this issue. It may be worth opening up public discussions at a state level so that members feel heard and represented. I think the discussions should be around the issue of — should CAMFT retain it's classic neutrality stance in all cases? Or do our members want this to change? What are the pros and cons for our organization? We need to show members what the potential losses are, or at least how the organization views it. I recommend a written response from Mary R. or our State Board pres. in the Therapist about this issue. No matter what the conclusion, I recommend dialogue.
    
6. I believe that publishing the result of a large enough poll of MFTs, regarding that issue so that the results of the poll become public, in order to preserve the diversity of opinion within CAMFT and prevent polarization.
    
7. Thank you for doing this; my "other" is that our Board join with the other local boards to demand that they issue the supporting statement ASAP (vs. requesting...re-opening the topic)
    
8. Support current law chosen by voters.
    
9. It is hard at times to understand the paradox that exist between religious and secular issues. In my heart this is my religious feelings and yet I 'pain' for how this affects others.
    
10. We are relationship counselors-the issue of semantics should not be involved. If a couple presents as a couple who define their relationship as a marriage we work with that as their reality and the basis of ours.
     
11. Provide a public organization "statement" claiming that the rescinding of same-sex marriage rights is discrimination.
     
12. I would like to address the fact that number 3 cannot be answered since same-sex marriage does not legally exist in California. I would like to see CAMFT take a stand in favor of same-sex marriage.
     
13. Solicit statements of support from CAMFT members in favor of allowing same sex couples to marry in California, for submission to our government leaders.
     
14. Refrain from political influences not related to our profession!
     
15. Report not only the "majority" response to the petition to State CAMFT, but also the PERCENTAGES in favor & opposed. For State CAMFT to be guided by its members, the State Board needs to know the pro-con BALANCE with the membership on this issue. A close "split" would suggest (to me) that State CAMFT should NOT "take a position."
     
16. Through lobbying, etc., participate in legislative efforts to legalize same sex marriage if the Supreme Court does not overturn Prop 8.
     
17. The action I'd like SCV-CAMFT to take is to rewrite this survey so it reflects objectivity, which it does not. The bias is obvious. For example, why does #6 only state specific options for supporting same-sex marriage, aside from "other" or "none"? Why is #4 worded as "rescinding the right of same sex couples to marry" instead of "supporting the voter-passed constitutional amendment defining marriage as between one man and one woman?" You may not like reading this, but CAMFT has a large and diverse constituency, and if your survey itself isn't even objective, how can you be trusted at all?
     
18. Respecting our clients that believe marriage is between a man and a woman is also our responsibility. Although we as professionals must accept our clients and their lifestyle and educate about tolerance, we are not called to change the ruling of the majority which on this issue is to keep the definition of marriage between a man and a woman. As a therapist I will support my gay clients and find resources for them, but as a member of my community I believe the foundation of society rests on families. To me family can be defined many ways, and people understand that. Public policy is best kept traditional in its definitions, man and woman and children make families as the unit that is fundamental to our society. Other forms of family, be it gay partners, group homes, adopted kids, they are still accepted as families within the policy we have that does define marriage as between a man and woman. Changing the definition in our public policy will not make "coming out" any easier or more accepted, only more easy to press charges against anyone standing up for traditional marriage, such as religions, leading to further discrimination against traditionalists.
     
19. SCV-CAMFT should take a position that ensures rights (aside from marriage) are upheld for same-sex couples.
     
20. Insist that "do not condone... discrimination" means just that. If the therapist is countertransferred and feels disgust with his patients, he shouldn't treat them.
     
21. A public statement re-affirming that all couples have the right to assistance from Marriage and Family Therapists and that the title of our license does not bar us from providing services to same-sex couples or individuals. Our license and ethical standards do not require us to take sides in the legal dispute, and doing so may jeopardize our ability to help by alienating a portion of our client base. P.S. Question #2 is worded poorly and is leading; that's why I didn't answer it.
     
22. The letter should be about non discrimination, not same sex marriage. I am for same sex marriage but I am not sure my professional organization should be getting involved in this issue, but rather the issue of discrimination.
     
23. I'm not sure...
     
24. "Non-discrimination" does not mean support for an issue/group. We need to be advocates first for all kinds of healthy relationships — marriage, co-habitate, same-sex, parent-child, interracial, etc.
     
25. CAMFT to advocate for civil unions which would be the legal vehicle for all contractual relationships. Marriage would then be an optional religious ceremony in accordance with individual belief.
     
26. Participate in educating members about GLBT issues educating members about heterosexism and how it impacts their clinical work. Education about religious homophobia and social sanctioning of gays as second class citizens in California and in State CAMFT. Educating State CAMFT Employees, like Mary Riemersma in customer service would be a good idea. So many people that I have spoken with are appalled by the offensive and dismissive tone that she has taken with members on the state listserve. Helping to shift the tone of the discussion so that GLBT people would not be treated so badly by this organization. Educating the chapter membership about the organizing that has been happening in response to CAMFT's silence and the impact of this on the membership. As you know, this has been affecting quite a few members who are refusing to sit down and be quiet while the organization and it's employees takes gay money and treats them badly. I'm so glad that they are not able to be silenced, and that so many members see CAMFT's response as covertly abusive and collusive.
     
27. CAMFT should definitely support equal rights for legally-recognized domestic partners (which CA law already grants) and therapists should treat all clients to the highest standard, regardless of sexual orientation, legal status, etc. However, CAMFT should not advocate changing the definition of marriage, legal or otherwise, without a close look at all that changes for therapists legally, long-term effects on families and children, and the social ramifications of such. If CAMFT takes a stance and supports same-sex marriage, I will seriously consider leaving the organization.
     
28. Don't call it "Marriage". Support individual rights in same-sex "UNIONS."
     
29. I think the wishes of California voters should be respected.
     
30. Support changing definition of marriage between a man and a woman to define legal contract as "civil union" between two consenting adults.
     

Reflections on Wellness Series

Being a therapist has its own stressors, as well as blessings. The more we can find ways to keep ourselves healthy, the better we are able to serve our clients. Being able to face our own life dilemmas in a positive way allows us to have the emotional bandwidth to be there for our clients in their times of need. Writing (either in a personal open-ended journal or with structured exercises) can be a valuable tool for us to use.

Universal Life Issues

For years, I have used my personal writing as a way to maintain or regain my emotional stability, to clarify intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts, and to ride out rough patches in my life. Writing has seen me through a divorce, a major career transition, and the loss of loved ones.

Are you struggling with a difficult relationship in your life? Is there a major decision that you will need to make soon? Do you struggle with habits you wish you could change? Have you recently suffered a major loss through the death of a loved one or the death of a long-held dream? Would you like to get clear on a meaningful new goal to pursue in your life? Have you ever had the experience of wanting more fun and creativity in your life?

As I write these questions, I realize these are universal human issues. Clients present these issues to us. We, as therapists, face these issues as well.

Benefits of Personal Writing

Because personal writing is for your benefit only, you don’t have to worry about a stern English teacher rapping you on the knuckles when you have misspelled a word or have been “unclear about your major theme!” Personal writing is about you and whatever use you want to make of your time.

Personal writing provides many of the same benefits that good therapy does:

1. It is a safe haven for those times when life is difficult and overwhelming. On those blank pages, you can be open and honest without fear of reprisal from unsupportive others.
    
2. A personal journal can support the release of difficult emotions, including sadness, grief and anger. As I faced the inexorable decline and ultimate death of my elderly parents who suffered from dementia, writing helped sustain me through the difficult days, months and years.
    
3. Often being able to say what you need to say (even if only on paper), can reduce a sense of isolation, depression, confusion, or resentment.
    
4. You can practice difficult conversations that you would like to have with significant others in your life. In the process, you can get clear what you really need to say and be able to have a more meaningful and productive dialogue.
    
5. You can sort out different parts of yourself that get in the way of making a decision or pursuing a goal wholeheartedly. One way to do this is to write out a variation of a “two-chair intervention” by working with two parts of your self: The critic and the cheerleader, the introvert and the extrovert, the part that wants to persevere and the part that wants to quit.
    
6. Over time, you can see the progress towards your goals. Sometimes, you can also see the lack of progress, and that can motivate you to “get moving.”
    
7. Maybe you have written something and actually enjoyed the fun of it. These moments can happen in therapy as well: a sense of shared laughter and life-affirming human connection. Just for fun, look around the room and find six items. Try writing something that connects the items in some way. Each time I have done this, the beginning of a mystery novel has surfaced. Maybe that will be my next career!

Writing as a Tool for Health

If the idea of writing appeals to you, you can use it in a variety of ways:

1. Keep a daily journal.
    
2. Write only when you are struggling with a difficult issue, decision, or emotional reaction.
    
3. To get yourself started, begin with a writing prompt such as “I remember,” “I wish I could forget,” or “I want.” Using “I appreciate” or “I remember” can help you mine some wonderful memories of special people in your life. Recently I wrote one whole page of one-liners that began, “I used to be... but now...” This helped me see that I have come a long way!
    
4. Use writing to flesh out possible things to say when facing difficult conversations.
    
5. Write letters that you don’t intend to send to significant people (including yourself) as a way to release emotion, to clarify your thoughts, and to identify self-defeating beliefs.

I hope some of these ideas will prompt you to experiment with your own writing.

Judy Davidson, MFT, works for the County of Santa Clara’s Employee Assistance Program providing short-term counseling, assessments, referrals, and workshops for county employees and their families.

Is your practice of psychotherapy hazardous to your family? Does your work interfere with your family life — or is your family fortunate to have the benefit of your knowledge in affective, cognitive and behavioral domains? How does your being a therapist influence your personal life?

Although we have skills and expertise that can be very helpful in our personal relationships, being a psychotherapist does not guarantee that we will be an effective parent or a supportive spouse. When we are distressed, our families may be adversely affected. “Hazards” of our profession, which can be harmful to our families, include:

Treating Family Members as Patients

The therapist who is always rational and understanding may appear distant and uninvolved. The use of jargon or labeling can be injurious; for example, children who are often called “accident prone” may internalize this label as part of their self-concept. Although our skills may tempt us to offer unasked for insights, family members may not appreciate intrusion through unsolicited interpretations. Such gratuitous comments can lead to a suppression of spontaneity or excessive self-consciousness in family members. Or family members may come to expect us to know what they are feeling whether or not they express it openly.

Emotional Exhaustion: The therapist who comes home emotionally drained may be insensitive to family concerns which seem “small” or trite when compared to the “larger problems” of patients. Family members may feel excluded or inferior when they sense that patients receive caring attention, patience and courtesy that is not forthcoming at home. This can lead to jealousy.

Jealousy: Children or spouses may say “You talk to so many other people, you have nothing left for me when you get home.” Family members may feel that they get our full attention only if they have engaging problems.

Demeaning Tales: Some therapists share tales about their work at the dinner table. If the anecdotes are not respectful of patients, family members may worry about being demeaned themselves.

Resistance to Treatment: When we need family or couple therapy, we may create obstacles to the healing process through avoiding treatment or attempting to be a co-therapist rather than a participant in the therapy.

Advantages for the Family

Our backgrounds and skills in human relations can be a solid asset in our personal lives. As psychotherapists we have the potential to be very good parents and spouses. When we pay attention to our own stress levels and attend to our own psychological fitness, our professional training can enhance the well-being of our loved ones. We can contribute through our:

Knowledge: Our knowledge of emotional, cognitive and behavioral domains can be used in a caring way to recognize and attend to the needs of our families. We may be able to understand and facilitate the delicate balance of dependence and independence that is at the forefront during adolescence — or we may be able to help a spouse who is struggling with an aging parent.

Training and Practice: Our training, with its emphasis on empathy, communication, and self-awareness can provide the foundation for becoming a more effective parent and a more sensitive, attentive spouse.

Psychological Awareness: As a psychologically aware parent or spouse we can help family members attune to their own inner lives and thereby enhance the quality of life of the entire family.

Cautious Spontaneity: Spontaneous responses can be engaging — as long as they are not “impulsivity masquerading as spontaneity.” When we are comfortable with our feelings, we can play with our children and spouses and enjoy spontaneous expressions of humor, affection or even occasional irritation.

Positive Tales: When we can share anecdotes that show affection, hope, compassion and good will toward our patients and their struggles, our family members can benefit and we have an opportunity to relieve the loneliness of our profession. Family members learn about the diversity of people’s problems and they may become more reflective and understanding in their own relationships. When we use our psychological skills cautiously and respectfully, we can create a “home environment where empathy, compassion and connections are the rule... Both spouses and children of these (psychotherapists) are likely to trust that caring connections can heal, and that relationships are crucial for growth and emotional prosperity.”

Dr. Zur is a clinical psychologist.

Published and revised with permission from CLASP (Colleague Assistance and Support Program). Previously published in the California Psychologist in October 1996.

Reflections on Wellness Series

For helping professionals, self-care is crucial to ethical practice. There are challenges and successes when trying to practice self-care. Overcoming barriers to success can be a personal process; however, engaging in cooperative problem solving with friends, family and colleagues can be beneficial. Consider the following questions as a guide to help you get started, or to help you fine-tune your wellness efforts.

1. How do you define self-care?
2. What are the cues that help you identify the need for additional self-care?
3. How does lack of self-care impact clients/students or others we serve? How does our self-care benefit them?
4. Who have you found to be facilitators for, or what have you found to facilitate, personal self-care?
5. What challenges have you experienced to self-care practices? How have you addressed those challenges?
6. What challenges do cultural differences bring to matters of self-care?
7. How do you support your colleagues’ self-care efforts? How would you like them to support yours?
8. How do you balance the need for self-care with conflicting ethical imperatives, such as the need to confront an unethical colleague?

References:
1. Faunce, P.S. (1990). The self-care and wellness of feminist therapists. In H. Lerman and M. Porter (Eds.). Feminist ethics in psychotherapy (pp. 123-130). New York: Spring Publishing Co.
2. Porter, N. (1995). Therapist self-care: A proactive ethical approach. In E.J. Rave and C.C. Larsen (Eds.), Ethical decision making in therapy: Feminist perspectives (pp. 247-266). New York: Guilford Press.

Adapted by Cathy Hauer from a workshop handout prepared by the presenters at the Association for Women in Psychology Conference, 2003.

Workshop presenters: Barbara Gormley, Michigan State University; Michele Boyer, Indiana State University; Gail Simon, Penn State University; Laurie Mintz, University of Missouri-Columbia